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Compare Hong Kong (2002) - Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2001)

Compare Hong Kong (2002) z Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2001)

 Hong Kong (2002)Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2001)
 Hong KongSaint Pierre and Miquelon
Administrative divisions none (special administrative region of China) none (territorial collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions approved by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon
Age structure 0-14 years: 17.5% (male 679,311; female 599,811)


15-64 years: 71.6% (male 2,587,509; female 2,641,418)


65 years and over: 10.9% (male 364,864; female 430,421) (2002 est.)
0-14 years:
25.85% (male 917; female 874)

15-64 years:
64.22% (male 2,273; female 2,176)

65 years and over:
9.93% (male 291; female 397) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products fresh vegetables; poultry, fish, pork vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish
Airports 3 (2001) 2 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 3


over 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
total:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Area total: 1,092 sq km


land: 1,042 sq km


water: 50 sq km
total:
242 sq km

land:
242 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups
Area - comparative six times the size of Washington, DC 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Occupied by the UK in 1841, Hong Kong was formally ceded by China the following year; various adjacent lands were added later in the 19th century. Pursuant to an agreement signed by China and the UK on 19 December 1984, Hong Kong became the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China on 1 July 1997. In this agreement, China has promised that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's socialist economic system will not be imposed on Hong Kong and that Hong Kong will enjoy a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense affairs for the next 50 years. First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions.
Birth rate 10.92 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) 15.88 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $22.9 billion


expenditures: $24.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $465 million (FY00/01)
revenues:
$70 million

expenditures:
$60 million, including capital expenditures of $24 million (1996 est.)
Capital - Saint-Pierre
Climate tropical monsoon; cool and humid in winter, hot and rainy from spring through summer, warm and sunny in fall cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy
Coastline 733 km 120 km
Constitution Basic Law approved in March 1990 by China's National People's Congress is Hong Kong's "mini-constitution" 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name conventional long form: Hong Kong Special Administrative Region


conventional short form: Hong Kong


local long form: Xianggang Tebie Xingzhengqu


local short form: Xianggang


abbreviation: HK
conventional long form:
Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon

conventional short form:
Saint Pierre and Miquelon

local long form:
Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon

local short form:
Saint-Pierre et Miquelon
Currency Hong Kong dollar (HKD) French franc (FRF); euro (EUR)
Death rate 6.11 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) 6.64 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $58.8 billion (2001 est.) $NA
Dependency status special administrative region of China self-governing territorial collectivity of France
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Consul General Michael KLOSSON


consulate(s) general: 26 Garden Road, Hong Kong


mailing address: PSC 464, Box 30, FPO AP 96522-0002


telephone: [852] 2523-9011


FAX: [852] 2845-1598
none (territorial collectivity of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (special administrative region of China) none (territorial collectivity of France)
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient - approximately $65 million in annual grants from France
Economy - overview Hong Kong has a bustling free market economy highly dependent on international trade. Natural resources are limited, and food and raw materials must be imported. Indeed, imports and exports, including reexports, each exceed GDP in dollar value. Even before Hong Kong reverted to Chinese administration on 1 July 1997 it had extensive trade and investment ties with China. Per capita GDP compares with the level in the four big economies of Western Europe. GDP growth averaged a strong 5% in 1989-97. The widespread Asian economic difficulties in 1998 hit this trade-dependent economy quite hard, with GDP down 5%. The economy, with growth of 10% in 2000, recovered rapidly from the Asian financial crisis. The recent global downturn has badly hurt Hong Kong's exports and GDP growth is estimated to be 0% in 2001. Private sector analysts project 2002 GDP growth to be 1.8%. The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. The islands are heavily subsidized by France to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects.
Electricity - consumption 35.402 billion kWh (2000) 37.2 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 1.181 billion kWh (2000) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 9.195 billion kWh (2000) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 29.449 billion kWh (2000) 40 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: Tai Mo Shan 958 m
lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m
Environment - current issues air and water pollution from rapid urbanization NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Marine Dumping (associate member), Ship Pollution (associate member) -
Ethnic groups Chinese 95%, other 5% Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)
Exchange rates Hong Kong dollars per US dollar - 7.798 (January 2002), 7.7994 (2001), 7.7918 (2000), 7.7589 (1999), 7.7462 (1998), 7.7425 (1997); note - the Hong Kong dollar is linked to the US dollar at a rate of about 7.8 Hong Kong dollars per US dollar euros per US dollar - 1.06594 (January 2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: President of China JIANG Zemin (since 27 March 1993)


head of government: Chief Executive TUNG Chee-hwa (since 1 July 1997)


cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex-officio members and 10 appointed members; ex-officio members are: Chief Secretary Donald TSANG Yam-kuen (since 1 May 2001), Financial Secretary Antony LEUNG (since 1 May 2001), and Secretary of Justice Elsie LEUNG (since 1 July 1997)


elections: NA
chief of state:
President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Remi THUAU (since NA)

head of government:
President of the General Council Bernard LE SOAVEC (since NA 1996)

cabinet:
NA

elections:
French president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last held 7 May 1995 (next to be held NA May 2002); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the General Council is elected by the members of the council
Exports $191 billion f.o.b., including reexports (2001 est.) $12 million (f.o.b., 1999)
Exports - commodities clothing, textiles, footwear, electrical appliances, watches and clocks, toys, plastics, precious stones fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts
Exports - partners China 34%, US 23%, Japan 6%, Germany 4%, UK 4%, Taiwan 3%, Singapore 2% (2000) US 43%, Egypt 14%, Japan 11%, Colombia 8% (1999)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March calendar year
Flag description red with a stylized, white, five-petal bauhinia flower in the center a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with a black wave line under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the square into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one on top of the other; the flag of France is used for official occasions
GDP purchasing power parity - $180 billion (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $74 million (1996 est.); supplemented by annual payments from France of about $60 million
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 0%


industry: 14%


services: 86% (1999 est.)
agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $11,000 (1996 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 0% (2001 est.) NA%
Geographic coordinates 22 15 N, 114 10 E 46 50 N, 56 20 W
Geography - note more than 200 islands vegetation scanty
Heliports 2 (2002) -
Highways total: 1,831 km


paved: 1,831 km


unpaved: 0 km (1997)
total:
114 km

paved:
69 km

unpaved:
45 km (1994 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Illicit drugs strenuous law enforcement efforts, but faces serious challenges in controlling transit of heroin and methamphetamine to regional and world markets; modern banking system provides a conduit for money laundering; rising indigenous use of synthetic drugs, especially among young people -
Imports $203 billion (2001 est.) $55 million (f.o.b., 1999)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs, transport equipment, raw materials, semimanufactures, petroleum, plastics, machinery, electrical equipment; a large share is reexported meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials
Imports - partners China 43%, Japan 12%, Taiwan 8%, US 7%, South Korea 5%, Singapore 3% (2000) France 44%, Canada 40% (1999)
Independence none (special administrative region of China) none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763)
Industrial production growth rate -9% (2001 est.) NA%
Industries textiles, clothing, tourism, banking, shipping, electronics, plastics, toys, watches, clocks fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism
Infant mortality rate 5.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) 8.39 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) -1.6% (2001 est.) 2.1% (1991-96 average)
International organization participation APEC, AsDB, BIS, CCC, ESCAP (associate), ICC, ICFTU, IHO, IMO (associate), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, ISO (correspondent), WCL, WMO, WToO (associate), WTrO FZ, WFTU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 17 (2000) 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 20 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch The Court of Final Appeal in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel
Labor force 3.44 million (2001 est.) 3,000 (1997)
Labor force - by occupation wholesale and retail trade, restaurants, and hotels 31%, financing, insurance, and real estate 13%, community and social services 11%, manufacturing 7%, transport and communications 6%, construction 2%, other 30% (2001 est.) fishing 18%, industry (mainly fish-processing) 41%, services 41% (1996 est.)
Land boundaries total: 30 km


border countries: China 30 km
0 km
Land use arable land: 5.05%


permanent crops: 1.01%


other: 93.94% (1998 est.)
arable land:
13%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
4%

other:
83% (1993 est.)
Languages Chinese (Cantonese), English; both are official French
Legal system based on English common law French law with special adaptations for local conditions, such as housing and taxation
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council or LEGCO (60 seats; 30 indirectly elected by functional constituencies, 24 elected by popular vote, and 6 elected by an 800-member election committee; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 10 September 2000 (next to be held NA 2004)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Democratic Party 12, Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong 10, Liberal Party 7, Frontier Party 5, Hong Kong Progressive Alliance 4, New Century Forum 2, Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood 1, independents 19
unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats - 15 from Saint Pierre and 4 from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)

elections:
elections last held NA April 2000 (next to be held NA April 2006)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA

note:
Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1995 (next to be held NA September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPR 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects 1 seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held 25 May-1 June 1997 (next to be held NA 2002); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UDF 1
Life expectancy at birth total population: 79.8 years


male: 77.1 years


female: 82.69 years (2002 est.)
total population:
77.77 years

male:
75.51 years

female:
80.13 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 92.2%


male: 96%


female: 88.2% (1996 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
99%

male:
99%

female:
99% (1982 est.)
Location Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada)
Map references Southeast Asia North America
Maritime claims territorial sea: 3 NM exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total: 433 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 13,539,257 GRT/22,682,757 DWT


ships by type: barge carrier 1, bulk 264, cargo 38, chemical tanker 10, combination bulk 2, container 73, liquefied gas 8, multi-functional large-load carrier 1, petroleum tanker 32, refrigerated cargo 1, short-sea passenger 1, vehicle carrier 2


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Belgium 5, Belize 1, British Virgin Islands 1, China 115, Denmark 2, Germany 19, Greece 2, India 8, Japan 8, Liberia 1, Malaysia 7, Norway 1, Panama 2, Philippines 5, Singapore 7, South Korea 2, Taiwan 1, United Kingdom 27, Virgin Islands (UK) 1 (2002 est.)
none (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of China defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches no regular indigenous military forces; Hong Kong garrison of China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) including elements of the PLA Ground Forces, PLA Navy, and PLA Air Force; these forces are under the direct leadership of the Central Military Commission in Beijing and under administrative control of the adjacent Guangzhou Military Region -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 2,028,208 (2002 est.) -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 1,523,378 (2002 est.) -
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age (2002 est.) -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males: 47,139 (2002 est.) -
National holiday National Day (Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949); note - 1 July 1997 is celebrated as Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Establishment Day Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality noun: Chinese


adjective: Chinese
noun:
Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women)

adjective:
French
Natural hazards occasional typhoons persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources outstanding deepwater harbor, feldspar fish, deepwater ports
Net migration rate 7.76 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) -4.91 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood [Frederick FUNG Kin-kee, chairman]; Citizens Party [Alex CHAN Kai-chung]; Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong [Jasper TSANG Yok-sing, chairman]; Democratic Party [Martin LEE Chu-ming, chairman]; Frontier Party [Emily LAU Wai-hing, chairwoman]; Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood [leader NA]; Hong Kong Progressive Alliance [Ambrose LAU Hon-chuen]; Liberal Party [James TIEN Pei-chun, chairman]; New Century Forum [NQ Ching-fai, chairman]


note: political blocs include: pro-democracy - Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood, Citizens Party, Democratic Party, Frontier Party; pro-Beijing - Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Progressive Alliance, Liberal Party, New Century Forum
Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR [leader NA]; Socialist Party or PS [leader NA]; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders Chinese General Chamber of Commerce (pro-China); Chinese Manufacturers' Association of Hong Kong; Confederation of Trade Unions (pro-democracy) [LAU Chin-shek, president; LEE Cheuk-yan, general secretary]; Federation of Hong Kong Industries; Federation of Trade Unions (pro-China) [LEE Chark-tim, president]; Hong Kong Alliance in Support of the Patriotic Democratic Movement in China [Szeto WAH, chairman]; Hong Kong and Kowloon Trade Union Council (pro-Taiwan); Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce; Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union [CHEUNG Man-kwong, president]; Liberal Democratic Federation [HU Fa-kuang, chairman] NA
Population 7,303,334 (July 2002 est.) 6,928 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 1.26% (2002 est.) 0.43% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Hong Kong Saint Pierre
Radio broadcast stations AM 7, FM 13, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 4.45 million (1997) 4,000 (1997)
Railways total: 34 km


standard gauge: 34 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified and double-tracked)


note: connects to China railway system at Hong Kong-China border (2001)
0 km
Religions eclectic mixture of local religions 90%, Christian 10% Roman Catholic 99%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.13 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female


total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.73 male(s)/female

total population:
1.01 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage direct election 18 years of age; universal for permanent residents living in the territory of Hong Kong for the past seven years; indirect election limited to about 100,000 members of functional constituencies and an 800-member election committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: modern facilities provide excellent domestic and international services


domestic: microwave radio relay links and extensive fiber-optic network


international: satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Pacific Ocean and 2 Indian Ocean); coaxial cable to Guangzhou, China; access to 5 international submarine cables providing connections to ASEAN member nations, Japan, Taiwan, Australia, Middle East, and Western Europe
general assessment:
adequate

domestic:
NA

international:
radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system
Telephones - main lines in use 3.839 million (1999) 4,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 3.7 million (December 1999) 0 (1994)
Television broadcast stations 4 (plus two repeaters) (1997) 0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997)
Terrain hilly to mountainous with steep slopes; lowlands in north mostly barren rock
Total fertility rate 1.3 children born/woman (2002 est.) 2.12 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 5.2% (2001 est.) 9.8% (1997)
Waterways none none
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